Skullbase Anatomy 颅底解剖



KEY WORDS	



Foramina 孔 (Rotundum 圆孔, Ovale 未闭, Spinosum 棘); orbit, aerated sinuses 加气窦 (frontal 前部, maxillary 上颌骨, mastoid 乳突); dura 硬脑膜, tentorium 小脑幕, falx cerebri 大脑镰, cavernous sinus 海绵窦

	

TEXT 、课文



The skull base has many holes for the passage of nervous and vascular structures.  Three important holes (foramina, plural for foramen) in the temporal fossa are the foramen rotundum through which passes the 2nd division of the trigeminal nerve, the maxillary.  Foramen ovale is the tunnel of bone that separates extracranial and intracranial segments the third (mandibular) division of the trigeminal. The middle meningeal artery comes through the foramen spinosum.  The foramen lacerum is the hole in the sphenoid bone through which the carotid artery travels.  The jugular foramen is the hole in the bone through which the majority of the venous drainage of the brain must pass to drain into the extracranial venous system.	



颅底先后为神经和血管结构通过许多洞。三个重要的时间窝孔（孔，孔为夊数）是圆孔，通过它传递的三叉神经，上颚乙组。卵圆孔是分开的骨隧道和颅内颅外段的三分之一（下颌），三叉表决。脑膜中动脉是通过棘孔。该孔lacerum是在蝶骨通过这些旅行的颈动脉孔。颈静脉孔是在骨，通过它的大脑静脉异位引流的大多数必须通过排入颅外静脉系统漏洞。